Linear dampers work to provide a smooth, linear deceleration of a given load, using a medium such as silicone oil to control the deceleration of the load. Pneumatic linear dampers use air or nitrogen to achieve the same goal. While their performance may be achieved using similar means, their applications are very different.
A linear damper (for speed control)—whether hydraulic or pneumatic—is used when a load is in constant contact with the damper and the operator wants a smooth deceleration in either the compression or tension direction. Common applications where a linear damper may be found would be on sliding doors and lids. In these examples, the load is in contact with the damper when the deceleration starts. That is, there is no impact on the damper by the load.
In either case, the properly sized selected damper can extend the life of your equipment and protect your investment from early deterioration.